JSON
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight, human-readable data interchange format derived from JavaScript object literal syntax. It natively supports objects, arrays, strings, numbers, booleans, and null, allowing it to represent arbitrarily nested data structures. JSON has become the universal standard for REST API responses, configuration files, and data interchange on the web, with native parsing support in virtually every programming language.
MIME: application/json
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22JSON can be converted to the following 22 formats. Click any format to see its full details.
CSV (Comma-Separated Values) is a plain-text tabular data format that uses commas to delimit column values and line breaks to separate rows. It is one of the most universally supported data interchange formats, readable by any spreadsheet application, database, or programming language. CSV is ideal for exporting and importing data between different systems due to its simplicity, human readability, and near-universal compatibility.
ENV files store environment variable definitions used to configure software applications, services, and deployment pipelines across different environments. They contain simple key-value pairs in the format KEY=VALUE and are a cornerstone of twelve-factor app development and containerized deployments with Docker and Kubernetes. ENV files are typically excluded from version control to protect sensitive configuration data such as API keys and database credentials.
FWF (Fixed-Width Format) is a plain-text data format where each column occupies a predetermined number of character positions in every row, with no delimiter characters between fields. It originated on mainframes and is still common in government data releases, financial industry feeds, and legacy enterprise system exports. FWF files require a separate schema or data dictionary to correctly parse the column boundaries, making them less self-describing than CSV.
GeoJSON is an open standard for encoding geographic data structures as JSON. It represents points, lines, polygons, and feature collections with coordinates for maps and GIS tools. GeoJSON works well with web mapping libraries and converts cleanly to CSV or JSON tables for analysis.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications, maintained by the W3C. It defines the structure and content of documents using elements and tags, working alongside CSS for visual styling and JavaScript for interactivity. HTML is rendered by web browsers into the visual pages users see, and is the universal output format for documents published on the internet.
ICS (iCalendar) is the standard calendar exchange format used by Google Calendar, Apple Calendar, Outlook, and most scheduling apps. It stores events with titles, times, locations, and descriptions as plain text. ICS files are easy to share and convert to JSON or CSV for spreadsheets and apps.
INI is a simple, human-readable configuration file format that originated with early versions of Microsoft Windows. It organizes settings into named sections enclosed in square brackets, with key-value pairs defined below each section header. INI files are easy to read and edit by hand, making them a popular choice for application configuration across Windows, Linux, and cross-platform software projects.
JSONL (JSON Lines, also known as NDJSON) stores one complete, valid JSON object per line in a plain-text file. This line-by-line structure makes it ideal for streaming large datasets, log files, and machine learning training data, since each record can be processed independently without loading the entire file into memory. JSONL is increasingly standard in data engineering, LLM training pipelines, and high-throughput logging systems.
M3U is a plain-text playlist format listing media URLs or file paths, often with optional track titles. It is widely used by music players and IPTV apps. Convert M3U playlists to JSON or CSV for editing, or to M3U8 for HLS-style playlists.
M3U8 is the UTF-8 variant of M3U commonly used for HLS streaming playlists. Like M3U, it is a lightweight text list of media entries and metadata tags. It converts cleanly to M3U, JSON, CSV, or plain text.
Markdown is a lightweight plain-text markup language created by John Gruber in 2004 to make writing formatted content for the web as easy as possible. It uses minimal punctuation-based syntax to define headings, emphasis, links, images, lists, and code blocks that convert cleanly to HTML. Markdown is the dominant format for README files, software documentation, technical blogs, and static site generators across the entire software industry.
ODS (OpenDocument Spreadsheet) is the open standard spreadsheet format developed by OASIS, used natively by LibreOffice Calc and Apache OpenOffice Calc. It stores spreadsheet data, formulas, charts, and formatting in XML compressed within a ZIP archive, ensuring transparency and long-term accessibility. ODS is a fully open, non-proprietary alternative to Microsoft Excel's XLS and XLSX formats and is supported by Google Sheets.
Apache Parquet is an open-source binary columnar storage format designed for efficient analytical data processing across the big data ecosystem. Its columnar layout enables excellent compression ratios and fast query execution when only a subset of columns is needed. Parquet is the de facto standard format for data lakes and is natively supported by Apache Spark, Hadoop, Presto, Snowflake, and most modern data processing platforms.
PDF (Portable Document Format) was created by Adobe in 1992 and has become the worldwide standard for sharing documents with precisely fixed layouts. It preserves fonts, images, vector graphics, and formatting identically across every operating system, device, and printer. PDF supports digital signatures, encryption, interactive forms, and embedded multimedia, making it essential for official documents, contracts, reports, and professional publications.
TOML (Tom's Obvious Minimal Language) is a configuration file format designed for maximum human readability with a precisely defined, unambiguous specification. It uses a clean syntax for strings, integers, floats, booleans, datetimes, arrays, and nested tables that maps directly to standard dictionary or hash-map data structures. TOML is the official configuration format for Rust's Cargo package manager and is gaining widespread adoption in modern software projects.
TSV (Tab-Separated Values) is a plain-text tabular data format that uses tab characters as column delimiters and newlines to separate rows, making it similar to CSV but avoiding issues when data values contain commas. It is well-supported by spreadsheet applications, relational databases, and scripting languages, and is commonly used for data exports from bioinformatics databases, genome browsers, and text-processing pipelines.
TXT (Plain Text) is the simplest possible file format, containing only unformatted characters encoded in ASCII or Unicode with no styling, images, or structural metadata. It is universally compatible with every operating system, programming language, text editor, and application that handles text. Plain text is used for source code, configuration files, README documents, log files, and any situation where maximum simplicity and portability are required.
XLS is the legacy binary spreadsheet format used by Microsoft Excel from 1987 through the Office 2003 era, based on Microsoft's proprietary Binary Interchange File Format (BIFF). It stores worksheets, formulas, charts, and macros in a binary structure that requires Microsoft's format specification to parse correctly. XLS remains common in older enterprise systems and when compatibility with legacy versions of Excel is required.
XLSX is the default spreadsheet format for Microsoft Excel since Office 2007, built on the Open XML standard and standardized by ISO. It stores worksheets, formulas, charts, pivot tables, and formatting in a compressed ZIP archive of XML files, making it more compact and corruption-resistant than the older XLS format. XLSX is supported by Google Sheets, LibreOffice Calc, Apple Numbers, and virtually every modern data tool.
XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a flexible, human-readable markup language defined by the W3C for structuring, storing, and transporting data across different systems. Unlike HTML, XML uses custom-defined tags chosen by the author to describe the semantic meaning of data, making it self-documenting and extensible. XML underpins numerous data formats, web services (SOAP), configuration standards, and document formats including SVG, DOCX, and RSS.
YAML (YAML Ain't Markup Language) is a human-friendly data serialization format designed to be more readable than JSON or XML for configuration files and structured data. It uses indentation and minimal punctuation to represent nested data structures, sequences, and mappings in a way that closely resembles natural language. YAML is the native configuration format for Kubernetes, Docker Compose, GitHub Actions, Ansible, and countless other modern developer tools.
Convert… to .json
40The following 40 formats can be converted into JSON. Click any format to explore it.
AsciiDoc is a lightweight text-based markup language designed for authoring technical documentation, books, articles, and presentations in plain text files. It provides a richer feature set than Markdown, including built-in support for tables, cross-references, document includes, and complex layouts. AsciiDoc is widely used by technical publishers and open-source projects, and can be converted to HTML, PDF, EPUB, and DocBook.
DOC is the legacy binary file format used by Microsoft Word for the Office 97-2003 era. It stores document content, formatting, images, and metadata in a proprietary binary structure. Although superseded by the modern XML-based DOCX format, DOC remains common in older archives and is supported for import by virtually all modern word processors and office suites.
DOCX is the default file format for Microsoft Word documents since Office 2007, built on the Open XML standard developed by Microsoft and standardized by ISO. It stores document content, formatting, images, tables, and metadata in a compressed ZIP archive containing XML files. DOCX is the dominant word processing format worldwide, supported by Microsoft Word, Google Docs, LibreOffice, and virtually all modern office software.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications, maintained by the W3C. It defines the structure and content of documents using elements and tags, working alongside CSS for visual styling and JavaScript for interactivity. HTML is rendered by web browsers into the visual pages users see, and is the universal output format for documents published on the internet.
Jupyter Notebook (IPYNB) is an interactive document format used by the Jupyter project for combining executable code, narrative text, visualizations, equations, and rich media in a single document. It is the standard tool in data science, machine learning research, and scientific computing for creating reproducible analyses and communicating results. IPYNB files store cells of code and Markdown in a JSON structure that can be run cell-by-cell in a live kernel.
Markdown is a lightweight plain-text markup language created by John Gruber in 2004 to make writing formatted content for the web as easy as possible. It uses minimal punctuation-based syntax to define headings, emphasis, links, images, lists, and code blocks that convert cleanly to HTML. Markdown is the dominant format for README files, software documentation, technical blogs, and static site generators across the entire software industry.
Emacs Muse is a markup language and authoring system built into the GNU Emacs text editor for creating structured documents, journals, and websites from plain text. It supports hierarchical outlines, internal and external links, tables, and multiple export formats including HTML and PDF. Muse is primarily used by Emacs power users who prefer to write all content, notes, and documents within their editing environment.
ODT (OpenDocument Text) is an open standard document format developed by OASIS for word processing, used as the native format by LibreOffice Writer and Apache OpenOffice Writer. It stores document content, styles, images, and metadata as XML in a ZIP archive, ensuring full transparency and long-term accessibility without vendor lock-in. ODT is also supported for import and export by Microsoft Word and Google Docs.
OPML (Outline Processor Markup Language) is an XML-based format designed for exchanging hierarchical outline and list structures between applications. It is most commonly used to export and import RSS/Atom feed subscription lists between news readers and podcast apps. OPML also serves as a portable format for structured notes, project outlines, and hierarchically organized content in productivity tools.
Org-mode is a plain-text format used within GNU Emacs for organizing notes, managing tasks and projects, writing documents, and creating structured content. It supports rich headings, nested lists, tables, source code blocks, links, and a complete task-management system with priorities, deadlines, and agenda views. Org files can be exported directly to HTML, PDF, LaTeX, ODT, and other formats from within Emacs.
PDF (Portable Document Format) was created by Adobe in 1992 and has become the worldwide standard for sharing documents with precisely fixed layouts. It preserves fonts, images, vector graphics, and formatting identically across every operating system, device, and printer. PDF supports digital signatures, encryption, interactive forms, and embedded multimedia, making it essential for official documents, contracts, reports, and professional publications.
reStructuredText (RST) is a plain-text markup language widely used for technical documentation in the Python programming ecosystem. It is the default documentation format for Python projects and the native input format for the Sphinx documentation generator, which produces HTML, PDF, ePub, and man pages. RST supports complex cross-references, footnotes, directives, and extensions, making it well-suited for large, structured documentation projects.
RTF (Rich Text Format) is a document interchange format developed by Microsoft in 1987 to allow formatted text to be shared across different word processors and operating systems. It encodes text formatting such as fonts, colors, bold, italic, and paragraph alignment using ASCII escape sequences, making it readable by virtually any word processor. RTF remains widely used as a compatibility format when the recipient's software is unknown.
TeX is a sophisticated typesetting system created by Donald Knuth for producing publication-quality documents, especially those containing complex mathematical notation. LaTeX, built as a macro layer on top of TeX, provides high-level document structuring commands and is the standard authoring format for academic papers in mathematics, physics, computer science, and engineering. TeX/LaTeX documents produce typographically precise output that surpasses word processors.
Textile is a lightweight markup language originally developed for the Textile CMS and later adopted by the Ruby on Rails community and various blogging platforms. It offers a simple, readable syntax for headings, emphasis, links, lists, tables, and code blocks that converts to clean HTML. While less widespread than Markdown today, Textile is still used in content management systems and project management tools like Redmine.
TXT (Plain Text) is the simplest possible file format, containing only unformatted characters encoded in ASCII or Unicode with no styling, images, or structural metadata. It is universally compatible with every operating system, programming language, text editor, and application that handles text. Plain text is used for source code, configuration files, README documents, log files, and any situation where maximum simplicity and portability are required.
EML is a standardized file format for storing individual email messages, defined by the MIME standard (RFC 5322) and used by most email clients. It preserves the complete email including headers, plain-text body, HTML body, and file attachments exactly as they were transmitted. EML files are supported by Outlook, Thunderbird, Apple Mail, and are commonly used for email archiving, migration, and forensic analysis.
MSG is Microsoft Outlook's proprietary format for saving individual email messages, meeting requests, contacts, and tasks as standalone files. Unlike the standard EML format, MSG files use Microsoft's Compound Document File Format and require Outlook or a compatibility library to fully decode. MSG files preserve all rich formatting, embedded images, attachments, and complete email metadata, and are widely used in enterprise email archiving and legal discovery.
CSV (Comma-Separated Values) is a plain-text tabular data format that uses commas to delimit column values and line breaks to separate rows. It is one of the most universally supported data interchange formats, readable by any spreadsheet application, database, or programming language. CSV is ideal for exporting and importing data between different systems due to its simplicity, human readability, and near-universal compatibility.
DTA is the native binary data file format for Stata, a statistical analysis package widely used in economics, epidemiology, and social science research. It stores complete datasets along with variable labels, value labels, missing value indicators, and display formats that preserve the full analytical context. DTA files can contain millions of observations and thousands of variables, making them suitable for large survey and panel datasets.
ENV files store environment variable definitions used to configure software applications, services, and deployment pipelines across different environments. They contain simple key-value pairs in the format KEY=VALUE and are a cornerstone of twelve-factor app development and containerized deployments with Docker and Kubernetes. ENV files are typically excluded from version control to protect sensitive configuration data such as API keys and database credentials.
Feather is a fast, lightweight binary columnar data format jointly developed by the Apache Arrow and pandas teams for efficient data interchange between Python and R. It leverages Apache Arrow's in-memory columnar format to achieve extremely fast read and write speeds with good compression. Feather is optimized for performance rather than long-term archival and is ideal for sharing large data frames between data science tools in a pipeline.
FWF (Fixed-Width Format) is a plain-text data format where each column occupies a predetermined number of character positions in every row, with no delimiter characters between fields. It originated on mainframes and is still common in government data releases, financial industry feeds, and legacy enterprise system exports. FWF files require a separate schema or data dictionary to correctly parse the column boundaries, making them less self-describing than CSV.
INI is a simple, human-readable configuration file format that originated with early versions of Microsoft Windows. It organizes settings into named sections enclosed in square brackets, with key-value pairs defined below each section header. INI files are easy to read and edit by hand, making them a popular choice for application configuration across Windows, Linux, and cross-platform software projects.
GeoJSON is an open standard for encoding geographic data structures as JSON. It represents points, lines, polygons, and feature collections with coordinates for maps and GIS tools. GeoJSON works well with web mapping libraries and converts cleanly to CSV or JSON tables for analysis.
JSONL (JSON Lines, also known as NDJSON) stores one complete, valid JSON object per line in a plain-text file. This line-by-line structure makes it ideal for streaming large datasets, log files, and machine learning training data, since each record can be processed independently without loading the entire file into memory. JSONL is increasingly standard in data engineering, LLM training pipelines, and high-throughput logging systems.
ODS (OpenDocument Spreadsheet) is the open standard spreadsheet format developed by OASIS, used natively by LibreOffice Calc and Apache OpenOffice Calc. It stores spreadsheet data, formulas, charts, and formatting in XML compressed within a ZIP archive, ensuring transparency and long-term accessibility. ODS is a fully open, non-proprietary alternative to Microsoft Excel's XLS and XLSX formats and is supported by Google Sheets.
Apache Parquet is an open-source binary columnar storage format designed for efficient analytical data processing across the big data ecosystem. Its columnar layout enables excellent compression ratios and fast query execution when only a subset of columns is needed. Parquet is the de facto standard format for data lakes and is natively supported by Apache Spark, Hadoop, Presto, Snowflake, and most modern data processing platforms.
SAV is the binary data file format native to IBM SPSS Statistics, one of the most widely used statistical analysis packages in social science, healthcare, and market research. It stores datasets together with complete variable metadata including names, labels, value labels, missing value codes, and measurement scales. SAV files are essential for sharing reproducible SPSS analyses and are also readable by R, Python, and SAS through compatibility libraries.
SQLite is a self-contained, serverless, zero-configuration relational database engine that stores an entire database — including tables, indexes, views, and data — in a single cross-platform binary file. It is the most widely deployed database in the world, embedded in mobile apps, desktop software, browsers, and IoT devices. SQLite files can be queried with full SQL syntax using the SQLite library or countless compatible tools.
TOML (Tom's Obvious Minimal Language) is a configuration file format designed for maximum human readability with a precisely defined, unambiguous specification. It uses a clean syntax for strings, integers, floats, booleans, datetimes, arrays, and nested tables that maps directly to standard dictionary or hash-map data structures. TOML is the official configuration format for Rust's Cargo package manager and is gaining widespread adoption in modern software projects.
TSV (Tab-Separated Values) is a plain-text tabular data format that uses tab characters as column delimiters and newlines to separate rows, making it similar to CSV but avoiding issues when data values contain commas. It is well-supported by spreadsheet applications, relational databases, and scripting languages, and is commonly used for data exports from bioinformatics databases, genome browsers, and text-processing pipelines.
VCF (vCard Contact File) is the universal standard format for storing and exchanging personal contact information including names, phone numbers, email addresses, physical addresses, and photos. It is supported by virtually every smartphone, email client, address book application, and CRM system, making it the go-to format for transferring contacts between platforms. VCF files can store a single contact or a batch of multiple contacts in one file.
XLS is the legacy binary spreadsheet format used by Microsoft Excel from 1987 through the Office 2003 era, based on Microsoft's proprietary Binary Interchange File Format (BIFF). It stores worksheets, formulas, charts, and macros in a binary structure that requires Microsoft's format specification to parse correctly. XLS remains common in older enterprise systems and when compatibility with legacy versions of Excel is required.
XLSX is the default spreadsheet format for Microsoft Excel since Office 2007, built on the Open XML standard and standardized by ISO. It stores worksheets, formulas, charts, pivot tables, and formatting in a compressed ZIP archive of XML files, making it more compact and corruption-resistant than the older XLS format. XLSX is supported by Google Sheets, LibreOffice Calc, Apple Numbers, and virtually every modern data tool.
XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a flexible, human-readable markup language defined by the W3C for structuring, storing, and transporting data across different systems. Unlike HTML, XML uses custom-defined tags chosen by the author to describe the semantic meaning of data, making it self-documenting and extensible. XML underpins numerous data formats, web services (SOAP), configuration standards, and document formats including SVG, DOCX, and RSS.
YAML (YAML Ain't Markup Language) is a human-friendly data serialization format designed to be more readable than JSON or XML for configuration files and structured data. It uses indentation and minimal punctuation to represent nested data structures, sequences, and mappings in a way that closely resembles natural language. YAML is the native configuration format for Kubernetes, Docker Compose, GitHub Actions, Ansible, and countless other modern developer tools.
ICS (iCalendar) is the standard calendar exchange format used by Google Calendar, Apple Calendar, Outlook, and most scheduling apps. It stores events with titles, times, locations, and descriptions as plain text. ICS files are easy to share and convert to JSON or CSV for spreadsheets and apps.
M3U is a plain-text playlist format listing media URLs or file paths, often with optional track titles. It is widely used by music players and IPTV apps. Convert M3U playlists to JSON or CSV for editing, or to M3U8 for HLS-style playlists.
M3U8 is the UTF-8 variant of M3U commonly used for HLS streaming playlists. Like M3U, it is a lightweight text list of media entries and metadata tags. It converts cleanly to M3U, JSON, CSV, or plain text.